Quantifiers

much, many, a little, a few

a lot of/lots of

Countable/uncountable nouns

much or many

much: uncountable nouns (milk, marmalade, money, time etc.)
many: countable nouns (bottles of milk, jars of marmalade, dollars, minutes etc.)
Examples:
How much money have you got?
How many dollars have you got?
In informal English these questions are often answered with a lot of/lots of. There is no much difference between the two phrases.

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a little or a few

a little: non countable nouns (milk, marmalade, money, time etc.)
a few: countable nouns (bottles of milk, jars of marmalade, dollars, minutes etc.)
Examples:
He has a little money left.
He has a few dollars left.

much, many, a little, a few

a lot of/lots of

Countable/uncountable nouns

    much or many

much: uncountable nouns (milk, marmalade, money, time etc.)
many: countable nouns (bottles of milk, jars of marmalade, dollars, minutes etc.)
Examples:
How much money have you got?
How many dollars have you got?
In informal English these questions are often answered with a lot of/lots of. There is no much difference between the two phrases.

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a little or a few

a little: non countable nouns (milk, marmalade, money, time etc.)
a few: countable nouns (bottles of milk, jars of marmalade, dollars, minutes etc.)
Examples:
He has a little money left.
He has a few dollars left.